1、江苏省泰州市2020-2021学年高三英语上学期期初检测试题（含解析） （满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟）注意事项:考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。1. 本试卷共14页，包含选择题、非选择题两部分。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置上。3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。4. 作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔
2、在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal i
3、s to represent all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the worlds food supply against nuclear war climate change and other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian i
4、sland of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on Earth.An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project
5、 would let the world rebuild agriculture if in his words “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above zero degre
6、es Celsius. The seeds will be protected behind concrete walls a meter thick and high-security doors.The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin Amer
7、ica. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below zero Celsius. The cold weather would protect t
8、he seeds even if the air could not be replaced.Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the worlds most secure gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason.Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s. But security concerns delayed the plan
9、. At that time, the Soviet Union was permitted use of Spitsbergen. New Scientist says the plan won United Nations approval in October at a meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization.1. The project is meant to_.A. increase the worlds food production in the futureB. carry out some scient
10、ific experiments on plant genesC. protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disastersD. build an exhibition centre of the worlds plant seeds2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage?A. The government of Norway will perform the project alone.B. Seeds to b
11、e collected there were produced ten thousand years ago.C. Spitsbergen is chosen because it is away from the threat of unclear war forever.D. Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place.3. We can infer from the text that_.A. People will get newly-developed seeds from the cent
12、er every yearB. The storage center will greatly promote the development of world agricultureC. Norway meant to have built the storage centre more than 20 years agoD. There havent been any seed storage centers in the world before4. What is probably the best title of the passage?A. Noahs Ark of Plant
13、Seeds in PlanB. The Best Place to Store SeedsC. Concerns of World Food SupplyD. A New Way to Feed the World【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了挪威的政府想要在北冰洋建造一个不同寻常的能存储两亿种子的存储中心，能够用来抵抗核战争。并且对这个计划进行了详细的介绍，而存在里面的种子则会在所有种子都因为某种原因用尽的情况下被拿出来用。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中提到“The structure will be designed to prote
14、ct the worlds food supply against nuclear war, climate change and other possible threats.” 该结构的设计是为了保护世界粮食供应不受核战争、气候变化和其他可能的威胁。所以这个项目的目的是保护种子不受灾难的影响而灭绝。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。第三段中提到“To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures.”为储存长点时间，种子需要在极低的温度下储藏。所以温度是选择储藏地点最主要的因素。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断
15、题。最后一段提到“Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s.”挪威最早是在八十年代提出这个议案的，迄今已有二十年左右的历史了。由此判断出挪威早在20多年前就打算建造这个存储中心。故选C项。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. The place would be large enough to hold about two million s
16、eeds.” 挪威政府公司计划在北冰洋的一个小岛上建造一个不同寻常的储存中心，这个地方将足够容纳大约200万颗种子。结合短文主要讲述了挪威的政府想要在北冰洋建造一个不同寻常的能存储两亿种子的存储中心，能够用来抵抗核战争。并且对这个计划进行了详细的介绍，而存在里面的种子则会在所有种子都因为某种原因用尽的情况下被拿出来用。故最佳标题为“诺亚方舟计划中的植物种子”。故选A项。BResearchers have just offered evidence in a study that says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much l
17、ike a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. But the finding might also offer hope.If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat. The researchers note that support groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other s
18、ocially influenced problems, like alcoholism.The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine, The researchers used information collected from 12,000 people. It was collected between 1971 and 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study.The information was highly detailed. There was even c
19、ontact information for close friends of the people in the study.The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found that a persons chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a friend had become obese.A sister or brother of a person who became obese had a 40% increased
20、chance of becoming obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that.Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend.The study
21、found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In sisters, it was 67%.The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived i
22、n relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of
23、 peoples health is tied to their social connections.Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem.5. What does the underlined sentence in Para. 2 mean?A. Obesity has a negative influence on a close friend.B. Friends might al
24、so play a part in losing weight.C. One might have a positive influence on ones friend.D. Friends usually dont follow each other to lose weight.6. Who is mostly likely to gain weight?A. A man who has a fat brotherB. A husband who has a fat wifeC. A wife who has a fat husbandD. A woman who has a fat f
25、emale friend7. Which of the following statements doesnt the passage agree with?A. You are sure to lose weight if you have a skinny friend.B. If one gains weight, ones friends are likely to get fat.C. A persons health is closely linked with his /her social relationship.D. Even if the friend lives far
26、 away, the influence still remains.8. The reason why the study involves both family members and friends is that_.A. researchers fail to find a more different sampleB. researchers have different ideas for family members and friendsC. researchers can meet these people regularlyD. researchers can compa
27、re the results【答案】5. B 6. D 7. A 8. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，一项研究表明，肥胖会通过社会关系来传染。【5题详解】词句猜测题。由第二段首句“If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat.”（如果朋友们帮助人们接受肥胖，那么对减肥也可能有影响。），可知朋友不仅让人接受肥胖，而且也可能在减肥中起作用。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“The study found that the sex of th
28、e friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In sisters, it was 67%.”（研究发现，朋友的性别也是一个影响因素。在同性友谊中，一个人肥胖的风险增加了70%。在兄弟体重增加后，男性肥胖的风险增加了44%。在姐妹中，这一比例为67%。），可知有一个肥胖的
29、女性朋友的人最容易发胖。故选D项。【7题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow.”（当一个人体重增加时，他们的密友们也会跟着来。），B项正确；由倒数第二段中的“He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of peoples health is tied to their social connections.”（他说，这项研究表明，有必要考虑到人们健康的主要部分与他们的社会关系有关
30、。），C项正确；由倒数第二段中的“He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood.”（他说一个住在几百公里外的朋友的影响力和住在同一个社区的朋友一样大。），D项正确；A项未提及。故选A项。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第二段首句“If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat.”（如果朋友们帮助人
31、们接受肥胖，那么对减肥也可能有影响。），倒数第三段The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In sisters, it was 67%.研究发现，朋友的性别也是一个影响。在同性友谊中，一个人变胖的风
32、险增加了70%。兄弟体重增加后，男性肥胖的风险增加了44%。在姐妹中，这一比例为67%。可推断出这项研究之所以涉及家庭成员和朋友，是因为研究人员可以比较结果。故选D项。CTime spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely go there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered the shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the
33、reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings.The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust jacket is irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be followed, as you might end up with a rather dull book.You soon become interested in some book or other, and
34、usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointmentwithout buying a book, of course.This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many plac
35、es where it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greeting: “Can I help you, sir?” You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop an as
36、sistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then and only then, are his services necessary. Of course, you may want to find out where a particular section is, but when he has led you there, the assistant should retire discreetly and look as if he is not interested in se
37、lling a single book.You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on, say ancient coins and come out carrying a copy of the latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbing-something which had on
38、ly slightly interested you up till then. This volume of the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of thing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great
39、deal of time wandering from section to section.9. The underlined phrase “dust jacket” means_.A. a kind of clothesB. a paper cover of bookC. a dusty bookD. a title of a book10. You may spend too much time in a bookshop because_.A. the dust jackets are very attractiveB. you start reading one of the bo
40、oksC. it is raining outsideD you have to make sure you wont buy a dull book as a present11. In a good bookshop_.A. all the books there are interestingB. the assistant greets you in a warm wayC. your heart is satisfiedD. you feel that you are in a music shop12. The best title for this passage may be_
41、.A. The Attraction of BookshopsB. How to Spend Your TimeC. Bookshops and Their AssistantsD. How to select Books?【答案】9. B 10. B 11. C 12. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。在书店里度过的时光是非常愉快的。不管你出于何种原因进入书店，你总会不知不觉的被它所吸引。文章主要叙述了书店的迷人之处。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据此句 The desire to pick up a book with an attractivedust-jacket is irresistible
42、, although this method of selection ought not to be followed, as you might end up with a rather dull book. 所表达的意思，想要找一本有吸引人的封面的书是不可抗拒的，尽管这种方法不应该被仿照，因为你可能结果发现这是一本相当无趣的书。由此可知，划线部分的意思是“书的封面。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“You soon become absorbed in some book or other, and usually”可看出你可能在书店花费时间太长是因为你专注于读某本书，故选B
43、。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction of a bookshop.可知，这种逃避日常生活的机会，我认为，是书店的主要吸引力。由此可推知，一个好的书店能满足我们心里的想法。故选C。【12题详解】主旨大意题。 通读全文，并结合倒数第二段This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is, I think, the main attraction
44、of a bookshop.和最后一段第一句You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop.可知，文章介绍书店吸引人之处。故选A。DWindows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people
45、typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a turn of a switch.“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist, a
46、professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University In Sweden. “Its contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well,” So ,windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when theyre stuck indoors.Yet, windows are th
47、e weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When its hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing cold a
48、ir, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make
49、 them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use some technologies involving changes of color.Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of tungsten oxide works bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when a
50、n electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed. That is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until its completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that mak
51、es a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory”. All it takes is a small shock of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows cou
52、ld mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. “In the future,” Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.”13. Which statement dose not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?A. Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.B. Wi
53、ndows help to save energy by letting light in.C. Windows help to save energy by providing heat.D. Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.14. According to the passage, smart windows are windows .A. that are coatedB. that use electricityC. the color of which can be changedD. that
54、 have many layers15. To make electrochromic windows change color, what is applied to the window glass?A. ElectricityB. Tungsten oxideC. A batteryD. A voltage【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们对智能窗户的研究情况。窗户透光，但不隔热，因此它成为能源研究者们的研究对象；研究人员致力于研究一种新技术，使窗户在隔热和透光方面能随着人们的需要而调整，这意味着将来人们可能不再需要使用空调。【13题详解】细
55、节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a turn of a switch.可知，研究人员现在正在研究新技术，只要转动开关，窗户就能迅速从明暗变暗。由此可知，窗户可以由亮变暗以节省能源是一项正在被研究的新技术，这并不是窗户的重要性。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段Smart windows go a step further.
56、 They use some technologies involving changes of color.可知，智能窗是可以改变颜色的窗户。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of tungsten oxide works bit like a battery.可知，电变色窗户是用电来改变颜色的。例如，一块涂有薄层氧化钨的玻璃就像电池一样工作。由此可知，为了使电
57、变色窗户改变颜色，氧化钨被应用在窗户玻璃上。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。About a year ago I spent the night at my cousins house, it was about 2 a. m. and I heard a noise coming from outside. _16_ I was about to get up to tell her when all of a sudden I couldnt move. After that inciden
58、t it always happened when I was about to go to sleep, half awake or half asleep. _17_ For example, last night I woke up during the night around 3: 30 as usual. I continued to fall back to sleep. As soon as I shut my eyes, and was half ways asleep, I started to hear a sound. _18_ Yet, I was able to f
59、eel myself trying to fight it. I did the routine of praying to God and my uncle who passed away. _19_ I thought since it happened once it wouldnt happen again, but I was wrong, the same thing happened. I always wonder what would happen if I dont fight it. I think it happens to me at that time becaus
60、e thats a time when I am most easily attacked; _20_Im thinking they do it at that time because they think Im going to give in and not fight back. If anyone of you has dealt with what I have experienced, can you tell me what I should do?A. Sometimes it happened to me 3 times a night.B. Im so sleepy a
61、nd I dont want to wake up.C. But it came to my head and touched me.D. It sounded as if someone was opening her gate in the dark.E. I am so scared that I cant fall asleep at once.F. I tried to move but I couldnt.G. It stopped seconds after and I felt relieved.【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. E【解析】本文是一
62、篇记叙文，讲述了作者与让自己睡不好觉的“半夜的开门声”抗争的故事以及作者的感悟。【16题详解】空前说半夜的时候，我听到外面传来一阵声响，空后又说我想起来告诉她，因此此处描述这阵声响听起来是什么样子的，故D项（听起来好像有人在黑暗中开门）符合语境。【17题详解】空前说那件事之后，我总是在睡觉的时候听到外面有开门声，此处是对这种情况的进一步说明，讲的是有时甚至一晚上会发生好几次这样的情况，A项中的“happened”与空前的“happened”相一致，故A项（有时候这种情况一晚上会发生三次）符合语境。【18题详解】空前说昨晚我像往常一样在夜里3点半左右就醒了，当我准备接着睡的时候我又听到了声响，此
63、处承接上文，讲的是我当时的反应想动却动不了，上文中的“I was about to get up to tell her when all of a sudden I couldnt move.”（我想要起身告诉她，突然间却动弹不得）也是提示，故F项（我试着移动，但却动不了）符合语境。【19题详解】空前说我照例向上帝和我过世的叔叔祈祷，此处承接上文，讲的是在我祈祷后不久，声响就停止了，故G项（几秒钟后它就停了下来，我感到松了一口气）符合语境。【20题详解】空前说我想那件事那时候发生在我身上是因为那是我最容易受到攻击的时候，分号表明此处应该会提到与“最容易受到攻击”并列的一种情况，即：我太害怕了
64、以致不能马上入睡，所以才会让半夜的敲门声有机可乘影响我睡觉，故E项（我害怕得不能马上入睡）符合语境。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。At the mid-May in 2018,the 69 year-old amputee(破截肢者）Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma,a symbol showcasing to th
65、e world the power of _21_More than 40 years ago,Xia _22_ both of his feet to frost bite after lending his sleeping bag to a team member during the trip to climb Mount Qomolangma.Even though artificial legs were not _23_ in China at the time,Xia strongly_24_that he would one day fulfill his _25_dream
66、 and so,before that day came,the best thing to do was to _26_himself by training constantly.Three years later he finally got his new legs,which enabled him to _27_ his sports career.However,fate once again took a_28_ turn when he was in his 40s.In 1993,illness developed on the stumps(残肢）on his legs,
67、which required _29_ third of his lower legs be amputated.Three years after that,he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.Over the years,Xia never gave up his dream of climbing Mount Qomolangma._30_ to his final successful climb in 2018,he had tried four other times to climb to the summit,but each time Lad
68、y Luck gave him the _31_The last time he _32_ his dream was in 2016.The then 67-year-old was only 94 meters from the summit,but a snow storm_33_ his way.Taking his team members _34_ into consideration,Xia made the _35_decision to go back.On May 14,Xia felt _36_ and a strong sense of fulfillment_37_
69、in him,standing on the peak of the highest mountain in the world.“The key is to focus on your dreams,instead of the _38_you encounter along the way.I didnt regret anything that I had done and accepted everything that life had _39_me,but I never stopped fighting against _40_,”Xia said,stressing that
70、fulfilling ones dream has nothing to do with age,disability or the thoughts or expectations of others,but a firm belief in yourself.21. A. strengthB. confidenceC. dreamsD. mind22. A. lostB. gaveC. costD. paid23. A. affordableB. availableC. acceptableD. reachable24. A. confirmedB. assuredC. believedD
71、. suspected25. A. unchallengedB. unfinishedC. unsolvedD. unreached26. A. pressureB. presentC. prepareD. preserve27. A. continueB. beginC. completeD. take28. A. suddenB. sharpC. goodD. dark29. A. oneB. otherC. the otherD. another30. A. BackB. ContraryC. PreviousD. Similar31. A. cold shoulderB. red ca
72、rpetC. tough nutD. last straw32. A. put effort intoB. got close toC. devoted himself toD. threw himself into33. A. blanketedB. bathedC. blockedD. smoothed34. A. safetyB. honorC. creditD. struggle35. A. finalB. heartbreakingC. wiseD. disappointing36. A. tirednessB. reliefC. painD. loneliness37. A. sh
73、owed upB. welled upC. came upD. sprang up38. A. distrustB. doubtC. criticismD. hardships39. A. thrown atB. provided forC. arranged forD. distributed to40. A. challengesB. fateC. fearD. mischiefs【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. B 37. B
74、38. D 39. A 40. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了夏伯宇不断尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的经历。终于在2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯宇用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，向世界展示了梦想的力量。这告诉我们：实现梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，只与自己坚定的信念有关。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯玉终于用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰上，向世界展示了梦想的力量。A. strength力量，长处；B. confidence自信；C. dreams梦想；D. mind思想，思维。根据the 69 year-ol
75、d amputee Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma可知，此处表示梦想的力量。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：40多年前，在攀登珠穆朗玛峰的过程中，夏把睡袋借给队友，结果双脚被冻伤，失去了双脚。A. lost失去；B. gave给；C. cost花费；D. paid支付。根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示失去了双腿。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有
76、一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. affordable负担得起；B. available可获得的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. reachable可获得的，可达成的。根据下文Three years later he finally got his new legs可知那时还没有假肢。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A .confirmed确认，坚定；B. assured弄
77、清；C. believed相信；D. suspected怀疑。根据one day可知此处表示他坚信那一天会到来。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. unchallenged没有挑战的；B. unfinished未完成的；C. unsolved未解决的；D. unreached未达到的。根据before that day came可知此处表示未完成的梦想。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现
78、自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. pressure施压；B. present呈现；C. prepare准备；D. preserve保存。根据by training constantly可知此处表示他通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年后，他终于有了新的双腿，这使他能够继续他的运动生涯。A .continue继续；B. begin开始；C. complete完成；D. take拿，带走。根据Three years later he finally got his new legs可知此处表示他能够
79、继续他的运动生涯。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他40多岁的时候，命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。A. sudden突然的；B. sharp急剧的，尖的；C. good好的；D. dark黑暗的。根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选D。【29题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：1993年，他腿上的残肢开始发病，又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。A.one一个；B. other其它的；C. the other其它的；D. another另一个的。根据thir
80、d of his lower legs be amputated可知此处表示又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. Back后面的；B. Contrary相反的；C. Previous以前的，早先的；D. Similar相似的。根据he had tried four other times to climb to the summit可知表示在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前。故选C。【31题详解】考查情景交际。句意：在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次
81、登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. cold shoulder冷遇，闭门羹；B. red carpet红地毯；C. tough nut大胆果断的人，暴躁的人；D. last straw最后一根稻草，最后一击。根据转折词but可知此处表示每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。故选A。【32题详解】1考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他最后一次接近自己的梦想是在2016年。A. put effort into把精力花费在；B. got close to接近，靠近；C. devoted himself to致力于，献身于；D. threw himself into积极从事。根据下文The then 67-ye
82、ar-oldwas only 94 meters from the summit可知此处表示2016年是他最后一次接近自己的梦想。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时67岁的他距离峰顶只有94米，但是一场暴风雪挡住了他的去路。A. blanketed覆盖，遮掩；B. bathed沐浴；C. blocked阻塞；D. smoothed使顺利，缓和。根据but a snow storm可知此处表示暴风雪挡住了他的去路。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A. safety安全；B. honor荣誉；C. credit信用，信誉
83、；D. struggle挣扎，冲突。根据上文a snow storm可知此处表示考虑到队员的安全。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A. final最后的；B. heartbreaking令人心碎的；C. wise聪明的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据decision to go back可知这个决定是令他心碎的。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. tiredness疲倦；B. relief解除；C. pain痛苦；D. lo
84、neliness孤独根据standing on the peak of the highest mountain in the world可知此处表示此时他如释重负。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. showed up出现，露面；B. welled up涌现，流露，萌发；C. came up走近，发生，开始，上升，发芽，被提出；D. sprang up出现，涌现，萌芽。根据a strong sense of fulfillment可知此处表示一种强烈的成就感涌现出来了。故选B。【38题详解】考查名词
85、词义辨析。句意：关键是要专注于你的梦想，而不是你一路上遇到的困难。A distrust不相信；B. doubt怀疑；C. criticism批评；D. hardships困难。根据instead of和you encounter along the way可知此处表示一路上遇到的困难。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运”，夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. thrown at扔向，掷向，向投去；B. provided for供养，供给，规定，为作准备；C.
86、arranged for为作安排，为作准备；D. distributed to分配给，分发给。根据accepted everything可知此处接受生活扔向我的一切。表示故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运，”夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. challenges挑战；B. fate命运；C. fear害怕；D. mischiefs恶作剧，淘气。根据fighting against可知此处表示与命运作斗争，反抗命运。故选B。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根
87、据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断他的双腿怎么了，根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示他失去了双腿。故选A项。第8小题要求判断命运发生了什么转折，根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。With Chinese hit by quaranti
88、ne（隔离期）and travel restrictions as well as just cautious about going out to the shops due to the coronavirus epidemic（流行病），companies in China are experimenting with new tricks to make sales. Oil giant Sinopeckeen to get customers back in their cars and help farmers due to roadblocks_41_(launch) a new
89、 project last month called zero touch vegetable sales at its 6,000 gas stations in 147 Chinese cities._42_(consume) place and pay for orders on the app. When they drive up gas station, employees put the vegetables into their car trunk,_43_(avoid) any need for human-to-human contact.The coronavirus o
90、utbreak has made _44_difficult for people to shop as before, said Li Hong, vice president of Sinopecs convenience store sales division. Travel demand has been falling, but demand for food is pretty rigid.Mengniu Dairy, Chinas dairy producer, is racing to add more vending machines _45_the 10.000 it c
91、urrently has, saying the epidemic has driven unexpectedly strong demand for the sales channel. Its system allows customers to order products like milk and yoghurt online _46_can then be picked up from their local vending machine. The virus outbreak has decreased consumption for dairy products as peo
92、ple _47_(forbid) to go to the supermarket, said Meng Fanjie, head of the companys Communist Party committee. Luckin Coffee, a _48_(compete) rival to Starbucks, now also offers the sanitizer（消毒）products (e.g. hand soap) besides coffee. Liu Xingliang, _49_independent retail analyst, said, however, tha
93、t Luckins strategy would have only a modest impact. At best some users will place an order when they buy coffee, but nobody is _50_(deliberate) choosing the Luckin app just to buy sanitizer.【答案】41. launched 42. Consumers 43. avoiding 44. it 45. to 46. which 47. are forbidden 48. competitive 49. an 5
94、0. deliberately【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，由于冠状病毒的流行而对外出购物持谨慎态度，中国的公司正在尝试“无接触”模式的新销售手段。【41题详解】考查时态。keen to get customers back in their cars and help farmers due to roadblocks是插入成分，主语是Oil giant Sinopec，此处缺乏谓语动词，由last month可知，时态用一般过去时。故填launched。【42题详解】考查名词的数。此处名词作主语，由谓语动词place and pay for可知，时态是一般现在时，谓语复数形式（不加
95、s），主语也是复数，consumer（顾客）是可数名词，名词复数形式可加s，首字母大写。故填Consumers。【43题详解】考查现在分词。本句由When引导的时间状语从句，主句已有谓语动词put且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主句主语employees和动词avoid是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填avoiding。44题详解】考查形式宾语。此处用形式宾语it代替真正宾语（to shop as before）。故填it。【45题详解】考查固定搭配。固定搭配addto（添加到），应用介词to。故填to。【46题详解】考查定语从句关系词。此处是定语从句，先行词是pr
96、oducts like milk and yoghurt，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。【47题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：由于人们被禁止去超市，病毒的爆发降低了人们对乳制品的消费。由主句谓语has decreased（现在完成时属于现在时态范畴）可知，整句话讲的是现在发生的事情，as引导的原因状语从句也应该用现在的时态，此处指“（现在）人们被禁止去超市”，应用一般现在时，主语people和谓语动词forbid是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done），主语people是复数，用are forbidden。故填are
97、 forbidden。【48题详解】考查形容词。名词rival要形容词修饰，应用形容词competitive（有竞争力的）作名词的定语。故填competitive。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：不过，一位独立零售业分析师刘兴亮表示，Luckin的策略只会产生适度的影响。此处泛指“一位独立零售业分析师”，independent以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an表泛指。故填an。【50题详解】考查副词。deliberate要修饰谓语动词结构is choosing，副词修饰动词，用副词deliberately作状语。故填deliberately。第三节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）51. Peop
98、le with a poor memory often f_things. （根据首字母补全句子）【答案】forget【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：记性差的人经常健忘。分析句子结构，缺少谓语动词，此处 陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语为People，谓语动词用原形，forget意为“忘记”。故填forget。52. Spring is a s_when trees turn green and flowers open. （根据首字母补全句子）【答案】season【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：春天是一个树木变绿，鲜花开放的季节。_ when trees turn green
99、 and flowers open.是定语从句，修饰前面的名词，根据句意，可知此处spring指的是一个季节，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，故填season。53. Dont always d_on others. You should learn to rely on yourself. （根据首字母补全句子）【答案】depend【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：不要总是依靠别人，你应该学会依靠自己。根据后文的rely on可以推断出这里填近义词组depend on，本句是祈使句，Dont 后面动词需要用原形，故填depend。54. George was born on June 1, s
100、o Childrens Day is also his b_. （根据首字母补全句子）【答案】birthday【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：乔治出生在六月一号，所以儿童节也是他的生日。根据前文was born on，可知此处和生日有关系，故填birthday。55. With no adults around, its d_for children to swim in the river. （根据首字母补全句子）【答案】dangerous【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：大人不在身边，小孩子游泳是很危险的。根据句式it is +adj.+for sb to do sth，可知，此处填形容词
101、，根据句意可知是“危险的”，故填dangerous。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）56. 请以老师当众表扬你为话题,用下面所给句子开头,续写一篇英语短文。As a student,I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.注意:1.续写词数不少于80个;2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。【答案】Today，the teacher praised me，because I controlled the dis
102、cipline in my class very seriously I was quite pleased，full of a sense of accomplishmentI couldnt wait to tell my mom as I got homeMother was also happy for meI hope I continue to work hard. Although the teacher praised me, I am not proudBecause I know there is no best，only better in the world I wil
103、l always strive to climb one after another in the peak of my life【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是续写作文。【详解】读后续写作文给出一定的写作主题，并此为基础进行思维和联想，自由发挥。不仅考查学生在内容、结构安排、语言运用和组织方面的能力，而且对学生的想像力、发散思维、归纳判断能力也有很高的要求。写好这类作文要注意几个步骤：1认真审题，找准提示语中的关键词或句，确定中心思想。2依据关键句，草拟提纲，梳理文章的脉络3准确定位人称、时态注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，如Today，the teacher praised m
104、e，because（原因状语从句）I controlled the discipline in my class very seriously；Although（让步状语从句）the teacher praised me，I am not proud；Because I know there is no best，only better in the world（谚语的使用）4最后还要认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 原因状语从句Today，the teacher praised me，bec
105、auseI controlled the discipline in my class very seriously；让步状语从句Although the teacher praised me，I am not proud；谚语的使用Because I know there is no best，only better in the world高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。第二节 读后续写（满分25分）57. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整故事。续写的词数应为 150词左右。One fall,my wife Elli and I
106、 had a single goal:to photograph polar bears.We were staying at a research camp outsidethe polar bear capital of the world”the town of Churchill in Manitoba, Canada.Taking pictures of polar bears is amazing but also dangerous.Polar bears-like all wild animalsshould be photographed from a safe distan
107、ce.When Im face to face with a polar bear,I like it to be through a camera with a telephoto lens.But sometimes,that is easier said than done.This was one of those times.As Elli and I cooked dinner,a young male polar bear who was playing in a nearby lake sniffed, and smelled our garlic bread.The hung
108、ry bear followed his nose to our camp,which was surrounded by a high wire fence.He pulled and bit the wire.He stood on his back legs and pushed at the wooden fence posts. Terrified,Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.We yelled at the bear,hit pots hard, and fired blank shotgun shel
109、ls into the air Sometimes loud noises like these will scare bears off.Not this polar bear though-he just kept trying to tear down the fence with his massive paws(爪子）I radioed the camp manager for help.He told me a helicopter was on its way,but it would be 30 minutes before it arrived.Making the best
110、 of this close encounter(相遇），I took some pictures or the bear.Eilt and I feared the fence wouldnt last through 30 more minutes of the bears punishment.The camp manager suggested I use pepper spray.The spray burns the bears eyes,but doesnt hurt them. So I approached our uninvited guest slowly and.thr
111、ough the fence,sprayed him in the face.With an angry roar(吼叫），the bear ran to the lake to wash his eyes.Para 1A few minutes later,the bear headed back to our camp.Para 2.At that very moment,the helicopter arrived.【答案】A few minutes later, the bear headed back to our camp. Roars and screams pierced th
112、e silence with needle-like shrillness. The noises turned Elli and I pale with horror. I feared that the giant would destroy our whole fence. He roared repeatedly, shattering what was left of the silence. Elli seized this opportunity to take somepictures of the bear. The animals noises echoed all aro
113、und us. We betrayed our feelings by huddling together, shivering with fear. After thoroughly scrutinizing the area, he trotted forward a few steps.At that very moment, the helicopter arrived. My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved. Elli used pepper spray again to buy us enough
114、 time. But this time the bear became more alert. He regarded us with the merciless necessity of hunger, so we throw all the food we have. He then turned away and started devouring. As we were climbing the rope ladder, Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe and sound.【解析】【
115、分析】本文主要讲述了人与熊对抗，之后成功脱险的故事。【详解】主人公的感情线变化为：兴奋渴望惊恐放松。剧情线以主人公如何与北极熊周旋并成功摆脱它展开。具体思路如下：由第一段的段首提示句可知：几分钟后，熊又回到营地。接下来可通过场景渲染，描写当时令人颤栗惊恐的画面，例如“Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness.”这不仅合理地描写了熊的反应，也描绘出让人战栗的场景。要注意与第二段首句的衔接。由第二段的段首提示句可知：此时，直升机到了。如果想要进行续写两段的合理衔接，第一段的结尾可描写成“After thoro
116、ughly scrutinizing the area, the bear trotted forward a few steps.”这样可以营造出危急的场景。“我们”看到直升机的到来，感到绝处逢生的喜悦，可以以人物心理描写作为第二段的开头，重点描写喜极而泣的状态，例如“My heart leaped with joy as I knew we were likely to be saved.”最后，结尾部分需要迅速收束，并说明成功逃脱的结局。【点睛】本文续写内容与原文高度契合，使用了高级词汇和句子，尤其突出的是，场景和心理描写传神到位，如：Roars and screams pierced the silence with needle-like shrillness.，又如He roared repeatedly, shattering what was left of the silence.，这不仅合理地描写了熊的动作，也渲染出让人战栗的场景，让读者有极强的代入感；再如As we were climbing the rope ladder, Elli prayed like thousand times to show thankfulness of being safe and sound.传神地描绘出了Elli对于绝处逢生感到难以言表的喜悦和对救援的感激之情，等等。