1、Unit 5Travelling abroadSection Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending课后篇巩固提升一、单句改错1.The coat is too large!It isnt fit me.答案isntdoesnt2.This is the first time that I had visited China.答案hadhave3.It was great comfort to see their son back home safe.答案was后加a4.So far,he has made full preparation
2、 for the coming exam.答案preparationpreparations5.The police are questioning those concerned about the murder.答案aboutwith二、用所给短语的适当形式填空be occupied withget losttake upfit in withadjust oneself tosucceed inrefer toget used toas far as. be concernedkeep it up1.The driver on the rainy night,without a navi
3、gation system.答案got lost2.Only in this way can you your classmates.答案fit in with3.Although you have got the first position,you should and do better.答案keep it up4.Only after you the new conditions can you begin to increase your level in research.答案adjust yourself to5.You will soon living in the count
4、ry.答案get used to6.In his lecture,he the importance of communication.答案referred to7.,I like to study in America because I enjoy the sight of it.答案As far as I am concerned8.You have the experiment and we congratulate you on it.答案succeeded in9.Mary always helps her mother even though going to school mo
5、st of her day.答案takes up10.I my lessons now,so I cant play basketball with you and dont bother me!答案am occupied with三、翻译句子1.那是史密斯先生第一次来这家酒店。答案It was the first time that Mr.Smith had come to this hotel.2.学生们正在为即将到来的考试而做准备。答案The students are making preparations for the coming examinations.3.医生竭力劝他去休假。
6、答案The doctor strongly recommended that he(should)take a holiday.4.It is usually acknowledged that he is the finest poet at present.答案大家都认为他是当今最好的诗人。5.As far as Im concerned,I would like to say I am not in favour of the plan.答案就我而言,我想说我不赞成这计划。6.She occupied herself with housework most of the time.答案她
7、大部分时间都忙于做家务。四、阅读理解A(2019天津)How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work?What makes the populations of different species the way they are?Why are there so many flies and so few wolves?To find an answer,scientists have built mathematical models of food webs,noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.With suc
8、h models,scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.Most food webs,for instance,consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物),the two species are strongly linked;when a predator lives on various
9、species,they are weakly linked.Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.If a predator can eat several species,it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them.And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when
10、a prey species becomes rare,the switch allows the original prey to recover.The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable,where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire
11、ecosystems.In the 1960s,scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other speciesincluding species they did not directly attack.And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators
12、to be true.In the ocean,we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale,while on land,we killed off large predators such as wolves.These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models.Ideally,the system w
13、ould tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.Prevention is key,scientists say,because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点),it is remarkably difficult for them to return.1.Wha
14、t have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs?A.The living habits of species in food webs.B.The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.C.The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.D.The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.答案B解析细节
15、理解题。根据文章第二段第一句中的“scientists have found out.in food webs.”得知科学家们发现了食物网运行的关键法则,即B项。2.A strong link is found between two species when a predator .A.has a wide food choiceB.can easily find new preyC.sticks to one prey speciesD.can quickly move to another place答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“When a predator.are st
16、rongly linked”得出结论只吃一种猎物是“strong link”。3.What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline?A.The prey species they directly attack will die out.B.The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.C.The living environment of other species will remain unc
17、hanged.D.The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Mathematical models.entire ecosystems.”可知“食物链顶端掠食动物的变化可能会给整个生态系统带来大的影响”。故选D项。BI was born and raised in England in a culture where privacy and “keeping yourself to yourself” were valued traditions.Speakin
18、g to strangers was not encouraged.People were most hospitable(好客的)and friendlybut only once they had been introduced to new people.However,I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US,where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness to be very different.I experienced It
19、alian hospitality first-hand on a crowded railway carriage travelling,one afternoon,from Genoa to Florence.Sinking gratefully into an empty seat,I was berated (训斥) in rapid Italian by a gentleman who was returning to this seatit had not been “spare” after all.I apologised in English,and got up to al
20、low him back into the seat.The gentleman obviously had no understanding of the English language,but he,too,realised my genuine mistake.He smiled and gestured for me to remain in the seat,and he himself remained standing in the corridor for the remainder of the journey.The other occupants of the carr
21、iage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them.I feel that if this had been in England,a foreigner who made a mistake would not always be so kindly treated.Transport also featured in the differences I noticed between English and American culture.I flew to New York on a plan
22、e with mainly English passengers.We sat together in near silence.Nobody spoke to me nor,as I expected,to anyone else they did not know.They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone elses privacy.However,when I travelled across the United States,whether by plane or Greyhound bus,I was never short
23、 of conversation.Conversation was going on all around me and whoever sat next to me was happy to introduce themselves and ask me about myself.They obviously felt it would have been rude not to speak to another person,whether they were strangers or not.4.What do we know about the occupants of the car
24、riage when the author was travelling in Italy?A.They all laughed at the author for his mistake.B.They were all on the side of the gentleman.C.They would not bear a mistake like the authors in public.D.They all showed their understanding of the authors mistake.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“but he,too,realised m
25、y genuine mistake.He smiled.The other occupants of the carriage smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite welcome amongst them”可知,车厢里其他的人都对作者点头微笑,说明他们理解作者的错误。故选D项。5.The author finally believes the Italian people are .A.coldB.rudeC.hospitableD.helpful答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段第一句的“I experienced Italian ho
26、spitality”以及本段内容可推知,意大利人热情友好。故选C项。6.According to the last paragraph,English passengers sat in near silence because .A.they were all strangers to each otherB.they were too tired to speakC.privacy was a valued tradition in EnglandD.everybody had their own share of privacy答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We sat tog
27、ether in near silence.Nobody spoke to me nor,as I expected,to anyone else they did not know.They felt it was not polite to intrude on someone elses privacy”可知,英国乘客几乎都不说话,因为他们国家的传统认为干涉别人的隐私是不礼貌的。故选C项。7.The purpose of the author is to tell us .A.his travelling experienceB.cultural differences to show
28、hospitality and politenessC.the culture shock he experienced in Italy and the USD.how to adapt ourselves to a new culture答案B解析主旨大意题。文章最后一段通过两个不同的情景对比,告诉我们不同文化中人们对“好客”和“礼貌”的表达方式不一样。故选B项。五、七选五Some people describe American society as a salad bowl while others think of it as a melting pot.In a bowl of s
29、alad,all the ingredients are mixed together.1 Together,however,the ingredients make up a unity.All the ingredients of salad contribute to the finished product.They may be covered with the same dressing(调味酱),but the green vegetables,tomatoes and cooked corn can all be seen for what they are.From this
30、 point of view,America is very much like a salad bowl where individual ethnic groups mix together,yet maintain their cultural uniqueness.People may work together during the day at similar jobs and in the same companies,but at night they may return to their ethnic groups where their own individual cu
31、lture directs their way of life.2 Each ethnic group has its own special customs,language,food and traditions to protect and defend.This idea of the salad bowl is referred to as cultural diversity;that is,American society is a collection of various cultures living together in harmony within one count
32、ry.3Here,society is like one large pot of soup.All cultural aspects are mixed together,sacrificing their original identity and keeping a bit of what they were to become a new reality.The longer the soup is cooked,the better the taste and the more likely it will be for the mixture to dissolve.In this
33、 sense,America can surely be seen as a melting pot where people from all over the world come to live and work together forming one nation.There are dozens of shared symbols.4In such a culture,symbols like the flag and the nations official song serve to break down the walls which separate ethnic grou
34、ps.Whether a salad bowl or a melting pot,America can be best described as a mixture of both.5A.Both are correct depending on ones point of view.B.They never lose their shapes,colours or tastes.C.This is why there is so much diversity within America.D.In other words,America is a nation where there is unity in diversity.E.Thus,one needs to abandon ones culture to be considered “American”.F.They serve to develop the various ethnic groups to create a new American culture.G.The other theory,which is also used to describe American society,is the melting pot.答案15 BCGFD
