1、Unit 4Global warming主题语境:人与自然环境保护Section Learning about Language,Using Language,Summing Up & Learning Tip 课后篇巩固提升一、单句改错1.As the whole,your plan is quite practical.答案thea2.He isnt the best;he is just on the average.答案onabove3.An average of 100 letters is answered by the secretary every day.答案isare4.I
2、 am greatly honored to make a speech here on behalf for our school.答案forof5.The company advocates all the employees need do some physical exercise during the break.答案needshould或省略need6.What I cant put up is his coldness during our stay there.答案up后加with7.Every citizen should make a contribution to pr
3、otect the image of our city.答案protectprotecting8.Under any circumstances will we let out his secret.答案anyno二、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空put up withunder no circumstanceson behalf ofabove averageand so onon the wholeso long asmake a differencebe casual aboutinstead of1.He made a speech at the conference his scho
4、ol.答案on behalf of2.I dont know how you can their endless quarrels every day.答案put up with3.If you know a foreign language you can tell your foreign friends about your family,your hobbies .答案and so on4. will China be the first country to use nuclear weapons.答案Under no circumstances5.You can borrow my
5、 car you promise not to drive too fast.答案so long as6.He pretended to the result of the competition,even though he cared about it so much.答案be casual about7. focusing on your own feelings,learn to look for the love,beauty and kindness around you.答案Instead of8.It would have if you had told me this two
6、 days earlier.答案made a difference9.He was a good student and scored in most subjects.答案above average10.,the damage to the house is not serious and it could be repaired.答案On the whole三、阅读理解ASometimes we may find that every week there are a lot of new stories about how climate change is affecting the
7、planet,or new plans to battle its effects like the one announced by the former US President Barack Obama the other day.But the concept itself isnt new at all in fact,scientists have been exploring questions about climate change for almost 200 years.The idea of “greenhouse gases” goes back to 1824,wh
8、en Joseph Fourier wondered what was regulating the earths temperature.Fourier concluded that the atmosphere must be responsible for containing the heat absorbed from the sun and described it as a box with a glass lid:As light shines through the glass,the inside gets warmer as the lid traps the heat.
9、As Fouriers ideas spread,it came to be called “ the greenhouse effect”.Scientists continued to study the greenhouse effect.Until a Swedish chemist named Svante Arrhenius came along,scientists understood how global warming actually works.After years of work,Arrhenius determined that the level of carb
10、on dioxide in the atmosphere did in fact have a direct effect on global temperatures.Arrhenius found that CO2,and other gases trap radiation,which warms the atmosphere.Arrhenius was the first to suspect that burning coal could contribute to the greenhouse effect.But Arrhenius welcomed the warming ef
11、fect on the planet.At a lecture later that year,Arrhenius noted that creatures of a warmer earth “might live under a milder sky and in less barren surroundings”.While Arrhenius findings won him the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry,scientists kept debating whether the greenhouse effect was increasing un
12、til 1950,when researchers finally began to find strong data to support it.By the end of the 1950s,American scientists had been sounding the alarm on the long-term consequences of climate change.Climate change research has come a long way since Fourier first described the greenhouse effect.Maybe Arrh
13、enius should have been more careful of what he wished for.1.What can we know from Paragraph 1?A.Climate change has caused terrible disasters.B.The topic of climate change has been talked a lot.C.Scientists should work harder to research climate change.D.The whole world should cooperate to protect th
14、e environment.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Sometimes we may.the other day.”可知,第一段讲述的是“关于气候变化的话题已经讨论了很多”。故选B项。2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The atmosphere.B.The idea.C.The earth.D.The earths temperature.答案A解析 代词指代题。根据第二段可知,Fourier的结论是,大气层负责吸收来自太阳的热量,并将其描述为一个有玻璃盖子的盒子:当光线穿过玻璃时,内部
15、温度会随着盖子吸收热量而升高。由此可知此处it指的是大气层。故选A项。3.What did Arrhenius think of the greenhouse effect?A.It was beneficial for creatures on earth.B.It was totally responsible for climate change.C.It brought more troubles than benefits to human beings.D.It worked as a punishment for harmful human activities.答案A解析推理判
16、断题。根据第四段中的“But Arrhenius welcomed the warming effect.surroundings.”可知,Arrhenius 认为温室效应对地球上的生物有益。故选A项。4.Whats the authors attitude towards Arrhenius expectation?A.Cautious.B.Defensive.C.Positive.D.Negative.答案D解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Climate change research has come a long way.Arrhenius should have been mor
17、e careful of what he wished for.”可知,作者对Arrhenius的预测的态度是消极的。故选D项。BThe Antarcticas snow-white environment is going green and facing other unexpected threats.Scientists say that as temperatures go up in the polar area,invading (入侵) plants and insects,including the flies,cause a major threat.More and mo
18、re of these invaders,in the form of larvae (幼虫) or seeds,are surviving in coastal areas around the South Pole,where the temperature has risen by more than 3C over the past three decades.Glaciers have melted,exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more
19、quickly and thickly than ever before providing potential green homes for invaders.“The common house flies are a perfect example of the problem the Antarctica now faces from invading species,” said Dominic Hodgson of the British Antarctic Survey.“They come in on ships,where they exist in kitchens and
20、 then at bases on the continent.They now have an increasing chance of surviving in the Antarctica as it warms up,and that is a worry.Insects like the house flies carry bacteria that could have a deadly effect on native life forms.”The Antarctica has several native species of insects.Together with it
21、s native mosses,these are now under increased threat from three major sources:visiting scientists,increasing number of tourists and global warming.However,it is global warming that is the main driver of the greening of Antarctica.In 2015,more than 38,000 tourists visited the Antarctica.“These touris
22、ts are often very careful about not leaving waste or having mud.But they could carry seeds or larvae on their boots when they set foot on the Antarctica,” said Hodgson.More and more invasive insects and plants have been found on the Antarctica and have required removal.“The insects and plants that a
23、re native to the Antarctica have survived there for thousands of years,” said Hodgson.“We have to act now if we want to save the environment.”5.What does the underlined word “mosses” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.House flies.B.Coastal areas.C.A kind of plant.D.A kind of animal.答案C解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Glacie
24、rs have melted,exposing more land which has been occupied by mosses that have been found to be growing more quickly and thickly than ever before providing potential green homes for invaders.”可知,画线词指的是一种植物,故选C项。6.What is the main cause of the Antarctica going green?A.The arrival of scientists.B.The i
25、ncreasing number of visitors.C.The rapid spread of native planting.D.The rising temperature around the world.答案D解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知,南极变绿的主要原因是“全球气温上升”。故选D项。7.What do we know about the house flies in the Antarctica?A.They are native species to the Antarctica.B.They will die out because of the freez
26、ing weather.C.They come to the Antarctica from nearby islands on their own.D.They severely influenced plants,insects and others native to the Antarctica.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,南极的家蝇严重影响了南极当地的其他物种。故选D项。8.Whats the best title for the text?A.The Antarctica Is Becoming Green and EnergeticB.Various Threa
27、ts Are Putting the Antarctica at RiskC.More and More Scientists Get to Explore the AntarcticaD.Global Warming Has Caused the Temperature in the Antarctica to Rise Up答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文讲述的是由于全球气温上升,各种各样的威胁正置南极于危险之中。故选B项。四、七选五阅读理解Reading books is one of the best hobbies.It not only helps you pass you
28、r time but also helps you increase your knowledge in a meaningful manner.1 Here we will give you a few tips that can help you.Fall into the habit of borrowing books to read.This is a very old school practice but still it can be highly effective.When you borrow a book,there is obviously a deadline se
29、t.2Read everywhere.Keep a book in your bag and read it anywhere you go.This will help you to pass your time in a very productive manner.3 Anyway,you can read your book 24 hours a day.4This can easily be described as a new school technique.You can read out to your brother or sister and this will enab
30、le you to finish your book as well as increase the knowledge and understanding of your brother or sister.Choose your books very carefully.5 Thus choose your books very carefully in order to enjoy your time and also finish your book effectively.If you choose a good book that can keep you interested f
31、or a longer period of time,there is no way that you are going to leave it incomplete.A.Read out to someone else.B.Realize the importance of reading books.C.Therefore,it is necessary to develop the reading habit.D.Find an excuse to read every day just by visiting book clubs.E.Yes,life is too short to
32、 read a book that doesnt impress you.F.It doesnt matter whether you are traveling or are about to sleep.G.This can encourage you to read it often to finish the book on time.答案15 CGFAE五、语篇填空Traffic jams(堵塞) are a common problem in larger cities.In some cities,traffic jams get so bad during rush hour
33、that it is sometimes 1.(fast) to walk than to drive.Traffic accidents are also a problem.Sadly these problems are not easy to solve.However,a traffic system (系统) being tested in several cities in Northern Europe has led to some surprising 2.(result).The system 3.(call) “shared streets”.It is a syste
34、m that has very few traffic laws.As a result,shared street areas have no traffic lights or street signs.Although most people would expect this to cause the number of traffic jams and accidents 4.(go) up,until now 5. has been a great drop in both.One reason 6. (be) that the shared streets system enco
35、urages people to be more 7. (care).Without traffic rules, people slow down and pay more attention 8. each other.Normal traffic systems,on the other hand,depend on signs,9. people often miss or dont follow,leading to accidents.Also,the shared streets system decreases(减少) traffic jams because without fixed(固定的) parking spaces,it is easier for cars to move around 10.(free) when there is a lot of traffic.答案1.faster2.results3.is called4.to go5.there6.is7.careful8.to9.which10.freely