1、河南省南阳市2014届高考英语阅读理解应试点睛 阅读理解 (201*四川卷，E)In business, theres a speed difference：Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Com
2、panies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to
3、make sure they were on the right track. Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a threeyear period.How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors y
4、et performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for examp
5、le, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lowerquality products and services.In our study, higherperforming companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion
6、. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had lit
7、tle time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人
8、们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。17What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?AIncrease the speed.BGet an advantage.CReach the limit.DSet a goal.答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。18The underlined part “the laws of b
9、usiness physics” in Paragraph 3 means _.Aspending more time and performing worseBspending more time and performing betterCspending less time and performing worse Dspending less time and performing better答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选
10、D。19. What can we learn from the text?AHow fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.BHow competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.CFirms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.DFirms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.答案：C。细节判断题。倒
11、数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。20Which could be the best title for the text?AImprove quality? Serve better.BDeliver value? Plough ahead.CReduce time? Move faster.DNeed speed? Slow down.答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。阅读理解-AThere is
12、a saying in France that states, The government could fall, the Louvre （卢浮宫）could be broken into or creatures from other planets could land on earth, but if any of these things happened during the Tour de France, no one would notice. The Tour de France is the most famous cycling race in the worldIt b
13、egins in July and runs for three weeksCyclists who race in the Tour de France ride in six legs or stages of the race, and they have between one to four days of rest between each leg of the raceThe rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time winsThe Tour de France began
14、as a publicity stunt for the French sports newspaper, LAutoHcnri Desgranges, who worked for LAuto,came up with the idea for the greatest bike race in the world, and on July 1,1903, the first Tour de France beganSixty cyclists began that first leg of the race which started in front of the Alarm Clock
15、 Cafe just outside of ParisThis first leg look them 467 kilometers to LyonThe first Tour de France received an astonishing 2,000 francsMaurice Garin, the most popular cyclist in France at that time, won the first Tour de FranceIt took him 94 hours and 33 minutes to ride all 2,428 kilometers of the r
16、aceThis time was three hours faster than the second -place riderOver the weeds during which the race was run, the idea of the Tour de France slowly caught the imagination of the people of FranceThe race has been run every year since that time, except during the years of World War I and World War The
17、 Tour de France has developed several special honors for which racers competeAbove all, the highest honor is the yellow jerseyMrDesgranges introduced the yellow jersey in 1919 to show the leading racer each riders total time in order to find the racer with the lowest timeThat racer wears the yellow
18、jersey during the days raceOther honors include the green jersey which is given to the rider who sprints the best by riding the fastest over short distances, and the polka dot jersey for the best rider in the mountains along the route1. Who wins the Tour de France?A. The first cyclist to finish the
19、raceB. The cyclist with the most pointsC. The cyclist with the polka dot jerseyD. The cyclist with the shortest overall time答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “The rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time wins” 可知，答案为D。2. Henri Desgranges was_.A. a photographerB. a famous cy
20、clistC. the man who first won the Tour de FranceD. the man who first thought of the Tour de France答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节题。由第二段第二句话 “Hcnri Desgranges, who worked for LAuto,came up with the idea for the greatest bike race in the world, and on July 1,1903, the first Tour de France began” 可知，D选项正确。3. How many
21、stages make up the Tour de France?AOne BFour CSixDTen答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节题。由第一段最后一句话 “The rider who completes all six legs of the race in the shortest overall time wins” 可知，C选项正确。4. The yellow jersey is worn by_.A. the fastest daily cyclist B. the fastest overall cyclistC. the youngest cyclistD. the cham
22、pion from the previous year答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。由最后一段 “MrDesgranges introduced the yellow jersey in 1919 to show the leading racer each riders total time in order to find the racer with the lowest timeThat racer wears the yellow jersey during the days race” 可知，yellow jersey用来表示比赛者用的时间最少，比赛者在比赛当天佩戴此物，故答案
23、为A。社会生活类阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I didnt realize how short I was until I started school. There, a few kids picked on(欺负)me, calling me names. Then I knew. After that, I began to hate the first day of school each year. I didnt know who was new and would stare at me as I stru
24、ggled to climb the school bus stairs. Some of the kids would point and say, “Look at that kid. Look at her.”As time went on, I just tried to smile and accept the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life. I was determined to make my uniqueness an advantage rather than a disadvantage. My frie
25、nds became increasingly protective. Theyd help me up the bus steps. If people were cruel, they would take them aside and correct them. What I lacked in height, I made up for in personalitymy ability to laugh, even at myself. For example, one time I was reaching into the washing machine at my parents
26、 house to grab the wet clothes. I fell all the way in and yell for Mother, who was sitting nearby reading the paper. Watching feet flying everywhere, she laughed quietly and said, “I should leave you there.”I laughed with her. Im 47 now, and the stares have not decreased as Ive grown older. People a
27、sk my friends if I live in a dollhouse. They look in disbelief when they see me get out of my car on the drivers side. During those times, I try to keep a good attitude. When people are rude, I remind myself, “Look what else I havea great family, nice friends. . .”1. What is the main idea of the sec
28、ond and third paragraphs? A. How the writer changed her disadvantage to advantage. B. The writers friends and mother loved her deeply. C. The writer had many friends helping her. D. The writer had the ability to laugh. 2. By saying “the stares have not decreased”in the last paragraph, the author sug
29、gests that_.A. she is able to live a happy life like a normal personB. she isnt afraid of being noticed by others any moreC. some people still dont treat her as a normal personD. more and more people treat her with respect now3. How is the author feeling now about her situation? A. Quite optimistic.
30、 B. Very satisfied. C. Deeply upset. D. Rather anxious. 4. We can infer that the author believes that_.A. society should help the disabled as much as possibleB. only your parents and friends can help youC. what people say about you is none of your businessD. all people should be treated with respect
31、【参考答案】35.ACAD 阅读理解-BA rise in the number of suicides（自杀）in South Korea has led policeman Yoo Byong-jong to a new job. He patrols（巡逻）Seouls bridges to prevent desperate people throwing themselves into the river. According to South Koreas health ministry, suicide rates have doubled in a decade and are
32、 now the leading cause of death for people in their 20s and 30s. The country has the fourthhighest suicide rate among the 30 industrialized countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. It recorded 22.8 suicide deaths for every 100, 000 people in 2003. Thats lower than Hung
33、ary，Finland and close neighbor Japan . But the number is growing by about 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations. In a move to cut suicides by a fifth by 2010，the health ministry is running a television ad campaign. It opens with a lonely man walking on a bridge. A voiceover says
34、，“Think five minutes more before you give it all away.Dont forget you have a loving family.” Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide counselors. Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic(有毒的)chemicals. Di
35、stressed individuals range from students worried about poor grades to people in debt as well as disgraced politicians. Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities(名人)who apparently lead a
36、 number of people to copy their actions. “We saved 50 lives this year when people turned to bridges as a place to die after news reports of such deaths by big shots，” said the 38yearold Yoo，in December.Last July，the government and civil associations urged media to avoid reporting specific methods an
37、d locations of suicides. But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.1. The passage is mainly about _.A. desperation problems in KoreaB. suicide problems in KoreaC. how to reduce suicides in KoreaD. the relations between life and suicide答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨大意题。全文报道了韩国的自杀率问题非常严峻，
38、当局为抑制自杀采取了一系列的措施，第一段点出话题，最后一段呼应了话题，故答案为B。2. Suicide rates in South Korea_.A. arouse international concernsB. are going from bad to worseC. didnt draw special attention of the governmentD. have done great harm to the economical development答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第三段最后一句话 “But the number is growing by about
39、 1 percent each year，faster than for all other OECD nations.” 可知，自杀率每年在增长，也就是在变得更糟糕，故答案为B。3. Lowering the number of reported suicides by celebrities in the media in Korea _.A. will be limitedB. damage the fame of mediaC. didnt affect peoples daily life.D. might cause fewer people to commit suicide答案
40、解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由第五段 “Exports say the rising number in some way can be blamed on media coverage of recent highprofile suicides. These include top business leaders and celebrities who apparently lead a number of people to copy their actions.”可知，专家认为自杀人数在上升在某些程度上是归咎于媒体报道的高数据的自杀率，其中包括商业领导要人和名人的自杀引起了人们去效
41、仿他们的行为，可以推断，降低媒体报道的名人自杀人数或许能使较少的人自杀，故答案为D。 4. From the passage, we can infer that_.A. authorities manage websites efficientlyB. present hotlines are not enough for suicide counselorsC. cutting suicides by a fifth by 2010 is easy to carry outD. people choose suicide as the way to end their lives for
42、a lack of love答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由第四段倒数第二句话 “Authorities are also limiting websites that provide suicide methods and sometimes even sell toxic chemicals.”可知，当局限制提供自杀方法甚至卖有毒的化学药物的网站，可以推断，当局有效地对网站进行了管理。故答案为A。由第四段 “Other ministry plans include setting up more hotlines and training more suicide counselors.” 可知，由于自杀者众多，因此要建立更多的热线和培训更多的自杀咨询专员来阻止自杀，B选项意思与此不符。从第四段所实施的阻止自杀的措施来看，减少自杀并不容易实施，故C选项错误。由最后一段最后一句话 “But it is difficult to clearly give reasons for the suicide increase.” 可知，D选项错误。